Introduction

Linux Mint is one of the top free operating systems widely used in the world and currently receives the highest hits at DistroWatch.

Even though it's an Ubuntu-based system, Linux Mint features only one panel at the bottom which looks closer to the taskbar in the traditional Windows system, and a well-organized start menu complete with a useful Search box. Upon installation, you can opt for some proprietary software such as necessary media codecs by default so that you play mp3, mp4 or most other media files with a player right away out of the box.

Linux Mint 18 (Sarah) is a long-term service (LTS) release which will be supported until 2021 according to the developer.

The MATE Edition of Linux Mint 18 is based on a Linux kernel 4.4 and an Ubuntu 16.04 package, and features MATE desktop environment 1.14 and MDM display manager 2.0. Unlike Ubuntu Unity sporting a vertical launcher on the left side of the screen, MATE maintains a traditional layout with a bottom panel and a Mint menu. If you're using this Edition, you might find these tips and tricks useful for working with the system on a PC.

Pin Programs to the PanelEnable SuperbarSet Preferences for the Mint MenuAdd a Program Shortcut from the Mint MenuChange Font Type and Color of Panel Clock Roll Up and Down a WindowCustomize a Theme Hide Drive Icons on the DesktopChange Wallpapers Automatically Set a Default View in File BrowserCreate an Advanced File Browser Add or Change Keyboard ShortcutsTerminate Unresponsive ProgramsRe-start System without Rebooting Set Sound PreferencesInstall Multimedia CodecsSet Clock Time on Dual-Boot Systems Install Extra FontsInstall Oracle Java PackagesInstall Apps from Ubuntu Apps DirectoryAdd More Useful Software Auto Mount Drives at System StartupManually Mount a USB DriveName or Label a Partition Auto Start Up an ApplicationChange a Login Screen and ThemeChange Default Boot OptionsClean Up Boot MenuAuto Shutdown the System

 

Pin Programs to the Panel

Frequently used programs can be easily pinned to the panel.

1. Browse to a program from Menu > Applications.
2. Drag and drop the program to an empty space in the panel, or right-click the program and select "Add to panel".
3. Right click the program icon, select "Move" and drop it to a new place in the panel.
4. Right click the program icon and select "Lock to Panel".

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Enable Superbar

In recent versions of Windows, frequently used programs can be pinned to the taskbar (hence called Superbar) for launching the programs and their icons are highlighted when the programs are running. Likewise, an applet known as "Dock" can be added to the panel to achieve almost the same effect with the steps below:

1. Press Ctrl-Alt-T to run Terminal.
2. Enter sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/mate
3. Enter sudo apt-get update
4. Enter sudo apt-get install mate-dock-applet

You can then right-click the panel and add the Dock applet to it. The applet auto detects and indicates a running program. With a right-click on its icon, you can then pin or unpin the program from the panel.

Note: Since this applet serves as a new launcher and the running programs are indicated, you can remove the applet "Window List" from the panel.

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Set Preferences for the Mint Menu

Linux Mint has an advanced Gnome menu called "mintMenu" where you can start doing things like running a program, looking for files, log out or quit the system and so on.

This menu allows you to set your personal preferences with the steps below, for example:

1. Right click "Menu", select "Preferences".
2. In the "Main button" tab, remove the word "Menu" from the "Button text" box if you like to hide the text.
3. Change the keyboard shortcut, such as from Super_L to Super_R, if you'd like to just press the right Windows key to get to the menu.
4. Change the Button icon, such as from /usr/lib/linuxmint/mintMenu/mintMenu.png to /usr/lib/linuxmint/mintMenu/icon.png. (Caution: avoid changing to a huge size image which might affect the panel.)

Other preferences can also be set in the various tabs such as Theme, Applications and Favorites.

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Add a Program Shortcut from the Mint Menu

Quite often a shortcut is automatically added to the Menu when you install an application, but you might encounter a program that does not. In which case, you need to manually add a shortcut for it to run from the Menu. This can be done without breaking a sweat.

1. Right-click the Mint Menu and select "Edit menu".
2. Click a software category for example Sound & Video under Applications.
3. At the right panel, click "+New Item".
4. Type in a name for the application, for example, ClipGrab.
5. To the right of "Command", browse to the application, for example the unzipped executable file, /home/username/Downloads/clipgrab-3.6.1
6. Click OK and Close buttons.

Note: If an executable file is not accessible, try to add permission to execute the file in the Terminal, for this example assuming the file is extracted to the "Downloads" folder:

cd ~/Downloads
chmod +x clipgrab-3.6.1

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Change Font Type and Color of Panel Clock

The font type and color of the panel clock follow the windows text in a theme by default. In particular, if the font color is black and shown on a dark background through a transparent panel, you can't read the clock clearly, but you can tweak it by changing the font color and selecting a font type for your panel clock.

The code in Step 1 below sets the font color to grey and applies the DS-Digital font (Note), bold and size 16.

1. Open up the text editor Xed and paste the following code:
   style "my-panel-clock"
   {
   fg[NORMAL] = "#F2F2F2"
   font_name = "DS-Digital bold 18"
   }
   widget "*.clock-applet-button.*" style "my-panel-clock"
2. Save the file as .gtkrc-2.0 (including the dot in front of the filename) inside your home directory /home/your_user_name.
3. Log out and log back in (OR enter pkill mate-panel into the Terminal) to see the change.

Note: The DS-Digital font can be downloaded here. After downloading, unzip the file, enter sudo mv ds_digital /usr/share/fonts/truetype into Terminal to move the unzipped folder ds_digital to the restricted folder truetype. See also Install Extra Fonts.

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Roll Up and Down a Window

When you double-click the title bar of a window, the default setting is to maximize a window. Since there's already a maximize button you can use for this, I always like to change the default setting to rolling up a window when I double-click on its title bar.

1. Go to Menu > Control Center > Look and Feel
2. Click "Windows" to open up "Window Preferences".
3. In "Titlebar Action" under the "Behaviour" tab, select "Roll up" from the drop-down list.

Now you can roll up a window when you double-click its title bar, and roll it down by double-clicking the title bar again. Simple as that.

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Customize a Theme

Linux Mint is using the Mint-X as the default theme, but you can customize it to suit your preferences easily.

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Appearance
2. Click the "Customize" button.
3. Select one of the tabs, such as Controls.
4. Choose one of the controls from the list, then click the "Close" button.
5. Now it becomes your Custom theme and you can save it as a new theme.

If don't like the optional themes provided, you can add more themes to the pool for selection. Installing the "Windows 10" theme can be easily done with the steps below:

1. Press Ctrl-Alt-T to run Terminal.
2. Enter sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
3. Enter sudo apt-get update
4. Enter sudo apt-get install windos-10-themes (Note: "windos" is not a typo)

Besides the Windows 10 theme, you can also download "Windows 10 Icons" pack, unzip it and copy the unzipped folder to this folder /usr/share/icons for selection of icons.

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Hide Drive Icons on the Desktop

In addition to the Computer and Home icons, Linux Mint adds an icon to the desktop for every removable drive that you attach to your system. The icons can be hidden by these steps:

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Desktop Settings
2. Untick Computer, Home and Mounted Volumes, then close the window.

The drive icons as well as Computer and Home icons will then disappear from the desktop. Remember that you can always access the drives from Menu > Places.

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Change Wallpapers Automatically

You can right click your desktop, select "Change Desktop Background" and choose any one of the wallpapers pre-installed, but you need to do it each time you want to change a wallpaper. What about changing a wallpaper automatically within a certain time interval? Try to install the wallpaper changer Variety.

1. Press Ctrl-Alt-T to run Terminal.
2. Enter sudo add-apt-repository ppa:peterlevi/ppa
3. Enter sudo apt-get update
4. Enter sudo apt-get install variety

With this wallpaper changer, you can change wallpapers in a fixed time interval from the sources you set and run it with several other settings such as randomly applying filter effects, color and size, customizing the indicator icon and so on.

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Set a Default View in File Browser

Windows Explorer allows for users to set a default view to all folders. In almost the same way, Linux Mint's Caja File Browser allows for these settings:

1. Go to Menu > Applications > System Tools > File Browser.
2. At the top of the File Browser, click "Edit" and "Preferences".
3. Under Default View, change "Icon View" to "List View", which lists more details in columns.
4. Tick "Show hidden and backup files" if that's your choice.

Other various settings, such as single or double click to open items, icon captions, list columns, preview files and media handling can be done in the same window as well.

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Create an Advanced File Browser

In the Mint file system, you can use Caja file browser to browse most files but can only write files in your home folder /home/your_name and its sub-folders such as Desktop and Documents. If you have to rename a folder or write files outside of your home folder using the file browser, you won't be able to but you can create an advanced file browser for this purpose.

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Main Menu
2. Select "Accessories" in the left panel and click "New Item" in the right panel.
3. Enter a name such as Advanced File Browser in the "Name" box.
4. Enter gksu caja in the "Command" field.
5. Click the "OK" button and the "Close" button.

Now you can go to Menu > Applications > Accessories and see that the Advanced File Browser is ready for use. But be careful since you can use it to delete or change any files on your system.

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Add or Change Keyboard Shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts are preset in the system, but you can add new ones or change them easily. For instance, if the keyboard shortcut to the Terminal is not enabled, you can set it to Ctrl+Alt+T which is common in Linux system.

1. Go To Menu > Applications > Preferences > Keyboard Shortcuts
2. Browse to Desktop > "Run a terminal"
3. Click on the Shortcut, and it shows "New shortcut..."
4. Press Ctrl+Alt+T, and it shows Ctrl+Alt+T
5. Click the Close button and try the new shortcut.

Note 1: To disable a shortcut, press Backspace when it shows "New shortcut..." after the step 3 above.

Note 2: Shortcuts beginning with XF86 refer to special keys available to some multimedia keyboards.

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Terminate Unresponsive Programs

Xkill is part of the X11 utilities pre-installed in Linux Mint and a tool for terminating misbehaving X clients or unresponsive programs. You can easily add a shortcut key to launch xkill with the steps below.

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Keyboard Shortcuts.
2. Click the Add button to create a custom shortcut.
3. Enter xkill to both the Name and Command boxes and click the Apply button.
4. Click on Disabled at the xkill row in the Keyboard Shortcuts window (Disabled is then changed to New shortcut...).
5. Press a new key combination, e.g. Ctrl+Alt+X (New shortcut... is then changed to Ctrl+Alt+X).
6. Click the Close button.

Xkill is ready for use. Press the above key combination to turn the cursor to an X-sign, move the X-sign and drop it into a program interface to terminate the unresponsive program, or cancel the X-sign with a right-click.

Note: As an alternative, you can right-click the panel, select "Add to panel", then choose "Force Quit" to add to the panel. This works similarly to the above but it's activated from a button on the panel instead of the keyboard shortcut.

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Re-start System without Rebooting

If you press Ctrl+Alt+Delete, Linux Mint brings you a menu to shut down, restart, or suspend your system. But for some reason you might encounter that the system freezes, the mouse cursor can't move, neither pressing Ctrl+Alt+Delete can work.

As an alternative, you can also use Ctrl+Alt+Backspace to do the same. If this shortcut key is disabled, you can easily enable it by the following steps:

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Keyboard.
2. Select the “Layouts” tab and click the “Options” button.
3. Select “Key sequence to kill the X server” and enable “Ctrl + Alt + Backspace”.

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Set Sound Preferences

If you use a PC with an integrated audio device and it has no sound when playing a media file on a player, try these simple steps to set Sound Preferences for your PC. It works for me for the audio device I have.

1. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Sound to bring up the Sound Preferences window.
2. Under the Hardware tab, change Profile to Analog Stereo Duplex from the drop-down menu.
3. Click "Test Speakers" to check if it works.

As the items available from the drop-down menus might differ depending on the hardware devices detected by the system, you might want to try other items in the menus to see if they work for your devices.

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Install Multimedia Codecs

Linux Mint 18 does not install multimedia codecs by default. As such, you may not be able to playback mp3 audio files or mp4 video files if you have not opted for installing third-party software for mp3 and other media during installation of the system.

But this is not too late, you still can easily install multimedia codecs after installing the system.

• Go to Menu > Sound and Video > Install Multimedia Codecs

After you've done that, the menu item "Install Multimedia Codecs" will not appear again.

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Set Clock Time on Dual-Boot Systems

If you're dual-booting Linux Mint 18 and Windows 10, you may find that changing time in one system affects the other and the two systems can't display the same time.

This happens as Linux Mint 18 interprets the hardware clock or real time clock (RTC) in universal time (UTC) by default while Windows 10 maintains the clock in local time.

You can fix this by keeping RTC in local time in Linux Mint, same as Windows, by running a command in the terminal below.

timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 --adjust-system-clock

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Install Extra Fonts

Do you prefer Windows TrueType fonts to the default fonts installed by Linux Mint? The mscorefonts package containing most Microsoft fonts can be installed and configured easily in a few steps below:

1. Go to Menu > Terminal.
2. Paste sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer into the Terminal (by pressing Ctrl-Shift-V in the Terminal after copying the highlighted code).
3. When prompted, use the arrow left/right keys to navigate and agree to the EULA license terms for the install.
4. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Appearance > Fonts.
5. Click each of them, pick a font and size to configure for window title and so on.

Besides this, you can run an application such as Font-Manager to view, install, remove fonts and so on.

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Install Oracle Java Packages

Linux Mint uses OpenJDK by default, but some web services might need the Oracle Java Runtime Environment (JRE) to be installed for running the services properly. If you would like to get the proprietary Oracle Java package for your system, you can download and install it with the steps below:

1. Go to Menu > Terminal.
2. Enter sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java to add the partner repository.
3. Enter sudo apt-get update to update the source list.
4. Enter sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

At any time, you can check the Java version you're using and configure it when necessary:

• Enter sudo java -version to check the version of the Java used in the system.
• Enter sudo update-alternatives --config java to choose the default Java for use in the system.

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Install Apps from Ubuntu Apps Directory

The Ubuntu Apps Directory is one of the good sources to look for applications to run in Linux Mint system. On a web page listing a product such as K3b, you can click a download button, in which the APT protocol is applied to invoke the default package manager to download and install software for you, right from a web browser and pretty straightforward.

This works well with common browsers such as Chrome and Firefox in the current version of Linux Mint system.

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Add More Useful Software

Linux Mint's Software Manager lets you search and get free software, or straight from the Menu, you can type an application name into the Search box to see if the software has been installed and ready for use. If the software has not been installed, you can click "Install" when a software package is shown in the search result. What's more, you can also go to Menu > Package Manager, type in an application name to search and install a software package from the repositories.

Besides this, you can browse the Ubuntu Apps Directory to find software products you need as mentioned in the tip above.

Alternatively, you can get the latest freeware applications by clicking the Install this now button from the GetDeb Repository after the getdeb package is installed with the instructions given.

See also our Best Free Software for Linux.

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Auto Mount Drives at System Startup

Linux Mint is capable of reading and writing files stored on Windows formatted partitions using NTFS file system, but partitions must be 'mounted' before they can be accessed. With these steps, you can auto mount the drives or partitions without the need to manually mount them for access each time you start up the system.

1. In the Terminal, enter sudo blkid to get the UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) of the partition you want to mount.
2. Enter sudo mkdir /media/ntfs to create a mount point
3. Enter gksu xed /etc/fstab and add the following line in the fstab file:
   UUID=1234567890123456 /media/ntfs ntfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,allow_other 0 0
4. Replace the above 16-digit number with the UUID you've got from step 1, then click 'Save'.

Restart the system and check if the partition is mounted.

   To identify disk partitions by label, either use sudo blkid or ls /dev/disk/by-label -g in the Terminal. To view partition sizes and file systems, enter sudo fdisk -l. Disks app mentioned in "Name or Label a Partition" also gives you a glance of device numbers, partition types, sizes and labels.

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Manually Mount a USB Drive

A USB storage device plugged into the system usually mounts automatically, but if for some reasons it doesn't automount, it's possible to manually mount it with these steps.

1. Go to Menu > Terminal.
2. Enter sudo mkdir /media/usb to create a mount point called usb.
3. Enter sudo fdisk -l to look for the USB drive already plugged in, let's say the drive you want to mount is /dev/sdb1.
4. Enter sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 /media/usb -o uid=1000,gid=100,utf8,dmask=027,fmask=137 to mount a USB drive formatted with FAT16 or FAT32 system. OR:
   Enter sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdb1 /media/usb to mount a USB drive formatted with NTFS system.

To unmount it, just enter sudo umount /media/usb in the Terminal.

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Name or Label a Partition

The File Browser shows the root directory as File System for your Mint system partition. If you have other partitions (or volumes), it shows them as xx GB Volume if they’re not named or labelled.

Using Disks app is one of the effective ways to name a partition easily:

1. Install Disks app from the Ubuntu Apps Directory if it has not been added.
2. Go to Menu > Applications > Preferences > Disks
3. Select the item Hard Disk.
4. In the Volumes section, click a partition you want to label.
5. Click the 'More actions' button below the Volumes section then select "Edit Filesystem..."
6. In the Label box, enter a name, e.g. Data-Disk, and click Apply.

The file manager should now show the partition label, such as Data-Disk, instead of xx GB Volume. This tip is for naming a partition using the application; use other advanced features such as format, edit or delete partition with caution as they can delete data on your disk.

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Auto Start Up an Application

In Windows, you can place a program shortcut in a startup folder for running a program automatically when the system starts. In Linux Mint, you can do the same in this way:

1. Go To Menu > Applications > Preferences > Startup Applications
2. Click the "Add" button.
3. Name a program.
4. Click the "Browse" button and navigate to File System > usr > bin, where programs are usually installed.
5. Select a program, click the "Open" button followed by the "Add" button.

The above program will then be listed in additional startup programs. Check if the program runs automatically by logging out and back to the system.

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Change a Login Screen and Theme

Linux Mint offers you a Mint Display Manager (MDM) to configure a login session. You can use it to change a login screen or a theme you like in a few steps:

1. Go to Menu > Administration > "Login Window" to open this window "Login Window Preferences".
2. Under the Theme, select a built-in theme, then log out and back in to try a new log-in screen.

Moreover, you can download a similar theme for installation. For example:

1. Download a theme from gnome-look.org, such as Tobacco Sky which is a GDM style.
2. Drag and drop the downloaded theme file (.tar.bz2) to the MDM under the "Theme".
3. Click "Install", select this new theme then close the MDM.
4. Log out and back in to enjoy a new login session.

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Change Default Boot Options

After full installation, Linux Mint is commonly set to be the default operating system to boot up if no key is pressed within a few seconds on a multi-boot system. You might want to set your preferred operating system to boot up by default. This can be done easily with Grub Customizer.

Press Ctrl-Alt-T to call up Terminal, copy following codes and paste (Ctrl-Shift-V) them inside Terminal to install Grub Customizer.

1. sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
2. sudo apt-get update
3. sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

After installation, run Grub Customizer to set the default boot options with the following steps.

1. Press Alt-F2, type grub-customizer into the box and press Enter to run it.
2. Under the "General Settings" tab, select the default entry you like to boot up from the drop-down menu.
3. Adjust the timeout value if needed, then press the Close button and the Save button.

Avoid changing timeout to 0 seconds if you need to select a system to boot up from a multi-boot menu.

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Clean Up Boot Menu

Each time when Linux Mint updates to a new Linux kernel, the old one is left behind and the boot menu gets longer. If your new Linux kernel works well, it's safe to clean up the boot menu. Do take these steps carefully as incorrectly hiding the items can make your system unbootable. You can check the Linux kernel version you're running by entering this command line uname -r into the Terminal.

To clean up the boot menu, it's pretty straightforward with Grub Customizer used in the tip above.

1. Press Alt-F2, type grub-customizer into the box and press Enter to run it.
2. Remove the entries you want to hide from the boot menu, or restore the removed entries if you wish.
3. Click the Save button.

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Auto Shutdown the System

A simple command can be entered in the Terminal to schedule a time for the system to shut down.

1. Go Menu > Terminal.
2. Enter sudo shutdown -h +m (replace m with the number of minutes, e.g. +60).
   OR: enter sudo shutdown -h hh:mm (replace hh:mm with the time on the 24hr clock, e.g. 23:15).
3. Enter password and minimize the Terminal window.

The system will then shut down within the minutes or at the time specified. To cancel a scheduled time, enter sudo shutdown -c in the Terminal.

Alternatively, you might want to download and install GShutdown, which is a GUI application for scheduling a time to shutdown the system. If the application cannot detect your desktop, go to Edit > Preferences > Actions, select "Specify the method manually" and click the "..." button, then choose "GNOME" for the Desktop and "GDM" for the Display manager.

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Related Links

• Tips and Tricks for Linux Mint after Installation [Mint 18 - Cinnamon Edition]
• Tips and Tricks for Linux Mint after Installation [Mint 17 to 17.2 - MATE Edition]
• Tips and Tricks for Ubuntu after Installation [Ubuntu 16.04.1]
• Easy Way to Install Ubuntu - from within Windows
• Best Free Software for Linux

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